前言
干净的编写代码易于阅读,简单易懂,简洁建议而且组织整齐。代码在这篇文章中,编写列举了一些平时可能需要关注的简洁建议点。
如果你不同意其中任何一条,代码那也完全没问题。编写
只对一个条件进行条件性渲染
如果你需要在一个条件为真时有条件地呈现一些东西,简洁建议在一个条件为假时不呈现任何东西,代码不要使用三元运算符。编写使用&&运算符代替。简洁建议
糟糕的代码例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueBad = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionalText ? <p>The condition must be true!</p> : null} </div> ) }好的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueGood = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionalText && <p>The condition must be true!</p>} </div> ) }有条件的渲染是指在任何条件下
如果你需要在一个条件为真时有条件地呈现一个东西,在条件为假时呈现另一个东西,编写请使用三元运算符。简洁建议
糟糕的代码例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const ConditionalRenderingBad = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionOneText && <p>The condition must be true!</p>} {!showConditionOneText && <p>The condition must be false!</p>} </div> ) }好的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const ConditionalRenderingGood = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionOneText ? ( <p>The condition must be true!</p> ) : ( <p>The condition must be false!</p> )} </div> ) }Boolean props
一个真实的props可以提供给一个组件,只有props名称而没有值,比如:myTruthyProp。写成myTruthyProp={true}是不必要的WordPress模板。
糟糕的例子:
import React from react const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( <span>{isHungry ? I am hungry : I am full}</span> ) export const BooleanPropBad = () => ( <div> <span> <b>This person is hungry: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={true} /> <br /> <span> <b>This person is full: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={false} /> </div> )好的例子:
import React from react const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( <span>{isHungry ? I am hungry : I am full}</span> ) export const BooleanPropGood = () => ( <div> <span> <b>This person is hungry: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry /> <br /> <span> <b>This person is full: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={false} /> </div> )String props
可以用双引号提供一个字符串道具值,而不使用大括号或反斜线。
糟糕的例子:
import React from react const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p> export const StringPropValuesBad = () => ( <div> <Greeting personName={"John"} /> <Greeting personName={Matt} /> <Greeting personName={`Paul`} /> </div> )好的例子:
import React from react const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p> export const StringPropValuesGood = () => ( <div> <Greeting personName="John" /> <Greeting personName="Matt" /> <Greeting personName="Paul" /> </div> )事件处理函数
如果一个事件处理程序只需要事件对象的一个参数,你就可以像这样提供函数作为事件处理程序:onChange={handleChange}。
你不需要像这样把函数包在一个匿名函数中。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsBad = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState() const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label> <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={e => handleChange(e)} /> </> ) }好的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsGood = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState() const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label> <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={handleChange} /> </> ) }将组件作为props传递
当把一个组件作为props传递给另一个组件时,如果该组件不接受任何props,你就不需要把这个传递的组件包裹在一个函数中。
糟糕的例子:
import React from react const CircleIcon = () => ( <svg height="100" width="100"> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" /> </svg> ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => ( <div> <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p> <IconComponent /> </div> ) export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsBad = () => ( <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={() => <CircleIcon />} /> )好的例子:
import React from react const CircleIcon = () => ( <svg height="100" width="100"> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" /> </svg> ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => ( <div> <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p> <IconComponent /> </div> ) export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsGood = () => ( <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={CircleIcon} /> )为定义的props
未定义的props被排除在外,所以如果props未定义是可以的,就不要担心提供未定义的回退。服务器托管
糟糕的例子:
import React from react const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => ( <button onClick={handleClick || undefined}>Click me</button> ) const ButtonTwo = ({ handleClick }) => { const noop = () => {} return <button onClick={handleClick || noop}>Click me</button> } export const UndefinedPropsBad = () => ( <div> <ButtonOne /> <ButtonOne handleClick={() => alert(Clicked!)} /> <ButtonTwo /> <ButtonTwo handleClick={() => alert(Clicked!)} /> </div> )好的例子:
import React from react const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => ( <button onClick={handleClick}>Click me</button> ) export const UndefinedPropsGood = () => ( <div> <ButtonOne /> <ButtonOne handleClick={() => alert(Clicked!)} /> </div> )设置依赖前一个状态的状态
如果新的状态依赖于之前的状态,那么一定要把状态设置为之前状态的函数。React的状态更新可以是分批进行的,如果不这样写你的更新就会导致意外的结果。
糟糕的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const PreviousStateBad = () => { const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false) const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(!isDisabled) const toggleButton2Times = () => { for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) { toggleButton() } } return ( <div> <button disabled={isDisabled}> Im {isDisabled ? disabled : enabled} </button> <button onClick={toggleButton}>Toggle button state</button> <button onClick={toggleButton2Times}>Toggle button state 2 times</button> </div> ) }好的例子:
import React, { useState } from react export const PreviousStateGood = () => { const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false) const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(isDisabled => !isDisabled) const toggleButton2Times = () => { for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) { toggleButton() } } return ( <div> <button disabled={isDisabled}> Im {isDisabled ? disabled : enabled} </button> <button onClick={toggleButton}>Toggle button state</button> <button onClick={toggleButton2Times}>Toggle button state 2 times</button> </div> ) }总结
以下做法并非针对React,而是在JavaScript(以及任何编程语言)中编写干净代码的良好做法。
稍微做个总结:
将复杂的逻辑提取为明确命名的函数 将神奇的数字提取为常量 使用明确命名的变量我是TianTian,云服务器我们下一期见!!!







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